Foam insulation is made from liquid plastic that expands and hardens to create small, air-filled cells. The main types of foam insulation include.
Science Behind Foam Insulation Explain
Polyurethane Foam
It can be sprayed into wall cavities as a liquid that expands rapidly to seal cracks and gaps. Polyurethane is an excellent insulator with an R-value of 5-6 per inch. It resists heat transfer and is moisture resistant.
Polystyrene Foam
Polystyrene foam, also called expanded polystyrene (EPS), is made from expanded beads of polystyrene plastic. The small air pockets in the beads resist heat transfer. Polystyrene foam has an R-value of 3-4 per inch and provides good insulation at a lower cost than other types of foam.
Spray Foam
Spray foam insulation starts as a liquid sprayed from a gun onto surfaces. As it expands, it fills gaps and adheres to materials. Closed-cell spray foam has an R-value of 5-6 per inch, while open-cell is 3-4 per inch. Spray foam insulation prevents air leaks and provides moisture control.
Why Does Foam Insulation Work?
The key to foam insulation’s effectiveness is the tiny air cells trapped within it. These air pockets resist the transfer of heat, acting as an insulator. Several properties make foam ideal for keeping heat in during winter and out in summer:
- Air is a poor heat conductor. The air trapped in foam cannot easily transfer heat from the hot to the cold side.
- The cells are small and isolated. Heat gets trapped in each little air cell, unable to spread to other areas.
- Foam fits tightly into spaces. Gaps let air leak in and out, reducing insulation’s effect. The foam expands to seal gaps.
- Foam resists moisture. Water conducts heat more easily than air. Foam repels moisture.
- Why Professional Installation Matters
While installing foam insulation may seem straightforward, hiring a professional contractor is highly recommended.
Inconsistent Coverage
If foam is not sprayed evenly into cracks and spaces, there will be gaps that allow heat transfer. Professionals use the right equipment and techniques to ensure full, consistent coverage.
Compromised Structural Integrity
Incorrectly installed foam can press on electrical wires or piping, distort structures, and separate materials like drywall. Contractors assess and adapt to the space to prevent damage.
Voided Insurance Policies
Improperly installed insulation may void homeowners insurance policies if it creates a fire hazard. Professional installation meets fire safety standards.
Premature Failure
DIY kits don’t always adhere to and seal as long as professionally installed foam. Contractors use the optimal formulation and process for durable insulation.
Wasted Money
Mistakes in DIY insulation often must be fixed and re-done by professionals. It costs more in the long run than having it done right initially.
Conclusion
The air-filled cells of foam insulation provide an effective barrier to heat transfer in homes. Professional spray foam contractors have the expertise to thoroughly fill and seal cracks, gaps, and spaces while ensuring the insulation meets codes and best practices for safety and durability. Investing in a pro to install foam insulation correctly saves money over the long term.
